PENGANTAR BASIS DATA


1. Pengertian Data dan Basis Data

https://images.openai.com/static-rsc-4/j6ai8pJmQ0QmHdySOGRk0043wjhxbRlrPa-W_Vq1qCOuDuEXc7BKltg4rrLxJYv_UUg97Dg8eVDAr0gHDFk_NZ7tHlVxq75hFB_2pyA7BrQ4TWgMil49F3cuKqcRepHT_J1eU9SEQrpF_88RmeL9FDMk3pTFh5Sc2_riMYNfj5nYnKnp_vSy0dZn-kAjDOzD?purpose=fullsize
https://images.openai.com/static-rsc-4/99BClZWQbYFEgl0NJaBGDgK4eRwO77xkjNDXre6DLsXfqPSiu0G9JHFMBzFW6mNmbQMMn6h45K-tsmJBIe_WlFN07vcTLW6WLLqYtJ-cSQ0eUEQAGv3VLleAAAKH18jVjATKN6KCDSKNvsIniWnjH0SnQ1aHImML0taEAZHhiNgPKwc8CFV2Hh2rb9zGlxlt?purpose=fullsize
https://images.openai.com/static-rsc-4/gzHL3FaSCy-tuMPtwPg52aNYnn3ANWI8F7Rlnoz2K2Rvt3dSPtNmEAfqkDpoUyDX4APlWr0R7ntEHfNYXFXv-i_vlQuFOpZpiTPS6HqXdqFDyLbZmamU5k_hvRtElG8cOLQXrM53AiDQ5B_mgl91Ak_gQ4JW4Z0jgeZroFxvy9wHasxmyLULQE0wdKPWSyMg?purpose=fullsize

6

πŸ“– Deskripsi

  • Data: fakta mentah (angka, teks, simbol)
  • Basis Data (Database): kumpulan data yang terorganisir dan saling berhubungan

🧠 Narasi Penjelasan

Dalam kehidupan sehari-hari:

  • Data = nilai mahasiswa, nama, alamat
  • Database = kumpulan data mahasiswa dalam satu sistem

πŸ‘‰ Data menjadi informasi jika diolah dengan benar.


2. Perbedaan Data dan Informasi

πŸ“Š Tabel Perbandingan

AspekDataInformasi
BentukMentahSudah diolah
MaknaBelum jelasBermakna
Contoh80, 90, 75Nilai rata-rata mahasiswa

🧠 Narasi Penjelasan

  • Data belum memiliki arti
  • Informasi membantu pengambilan keputusan

3. Pengertian Basis Data

https://images.openai.com/static-rsc-4/C3lYXHUlMZQrd9SVOQKAEitHf4VOOPPBZmnzzytcO_UmSTFkkZQ5C2H7S5GlxhFzVWV_8oSyJcdbeHFADsioHEmG9nlmTbn2KHBL_JD-59p-VoLFLb0a0aSa8_YvlkhsUeQZ_mpN-fhFYxybqNo1TnbQA-Hkp-LMY06Qzas37ChSIDC6iQzpeR1iCQAm4e2B?purpose=fullsize
https://images.openai.com/static-rsc-4/JwR3FEzVKvX8yFYqfrf35a86m3d4mkejUpnbHhJOPN_ph6GYYOwWZdOy38xwhWJb81X-gtCYNtnwgYWq_ViSR0RUfb0ANs-7vj-WWXT9ovQnTlvuq6rcsAEHG9_oYX_xXaBNJeRyWoaJAxskTcrkc9i_e-uhH55yxJ2BTP-qDnWf6pHErp2RlmKLN9mBRt0t?purpose=fullsize
https://images.openai.com/static-rsc-4/TRh0yH7cep7nUhdiDKn5GmlKG4wFbDzST7sA4SO4DDW407bodfmUSBG3sv4UkolqJ19rwvtl768-afETsPxdiBxmr7HTqw1g-Wz3i4ukFLzIcCQ4SLuw4w3SwEAaoXr0g6x1cfwGqWiG9k2ASwpLyMmax4AA1X5kKn_hkqPSAOToSDrT7wVDv91obNWF8JRZ?purpose=fullsize

7

πŸ“– Deskripsi

Basis data adalah kumpulan data yang disimpan secara sistematis sehingga mudah diakses, dikelola, dan diperbarui.

🧠 Narasi Penjelasan

Contoh:

  • Database sekolah
  • Database rumah sakit
  • Database e-commerce

πŸ‘‰ Semua sistem modern menggunakan database.


4. Tujuan dan Manfaat Basis Data

https://images.openai.com/static-rsc-4/7fAxBTTEiTG4Itm1y0QnV34RmGtllh6Kt7fV4ARGV8JyXjyGFoA_mjF1FaSVq_mUEoQ3SjXulUY0mtmXhPTyiVVaXh3kVp3x1lTDmz4amEXCZ7YueCrr2cMzSXGwQRGs5WjZBAEbAPC5pIqddVnWNnJ58i2CdIjMthnCQxhIniMVUcHV5D2Lx_UPadZpVhs5?purpose=fullsize
https://images.openai.com/static-rsc-4/-RUoK-iCiCkvvexz7v6McMr-FNPUSNuhZmOm6oWiD_k9cFF0ZaQ20tD86ned0GczXxjoyPwSuraekSH7BTDpmspMG0DeVwKu57tj0BP_0w8oo-nl04quA-zCARCrxE2sDrY1tL_99tPrnRjVvaG08GJfQcYAjLdc9awjGGPjDqkW7marRu0DFV-WsSg6FQEA?purpose=fullsize
https://images.openai.com/static-rsc-4/ZaPDRnm0Oh8cJandoB0ZQ4piZOP97q9IHXBMZKJPgjOXVzowIweNbXlKQmknxQWG1MoNmwJd3oL0wLJyUGmiTdgLd9ic_aKztyW_ZKpoUc1_ZytGDllkHPshUFwGwVDeOjO8h_8WAs_qeHMJbW1BHQQDyVUSbU61PS1z_aMmZQ8JbjqMt7VzDn_Kkh-qKIpI?purpose=fullsize

7

πŸ“– Deskripsi

Basis data dibuat untuk memudahkan pengelolaan data.

🧠 Narasi Penjelasan

Manfaat:

  • Efisiensi penyimpanan
  • Mengurangi redundansi data
  • Keamanan data
  • Kemudahan akses

5. Sistem Berbasis File vs Basis Data

https://images.openai.com/static-rsc-4/_ck5vKXQ62VJyD4UVfqGM1V5ZFbKCWmxyYiO9hoAiTO_gNwcSoFgTiXnnLuSDRO6MoAQzZQT5FgArpNJgwDNPg-6T9Q1S0tXSMXV-fkzZizeOMefBSqrliciyXW0lBmg_FRIKX87Na29-snVXWHnwM9GT7Nd2tgJGITRhKLX8lsOhaTLIt0T1bJETQBsf-iK?purpose=fullsize
https://images.openai.com/static-rsc-4/0bvMGsV6GqRuRHCOy2ehrE98Tt9XgtalreE8PKDmQOwdRCFM8JGXeKrnoxTPwpVerzkXS8Yn2oMSif5QoGTX-CfE2sf-z1VSTAU37hWaBaAh3gu1J6BSNFUFzYqi5f50MF23HKf8ecShv9F_hO1hLafkzRgCoPOoH7YI7yR86XF31X6nhd6RuQLOs54jFdj-?purpose=fullsize
https://images.openai.com/static-rsc-4/USU3wURgUXtLMg50NbqdbjFlJIeuARqUdK_JCiPyLM0QVcfCPvrep2NsL01tGtysij4EgzdFevmbA4KboE7U3VjhnDQU3D6dYM8X2awHTH6BV1P0IPXKcPNsesVkP-MxAukeEDJxlShoWBBp8uD6LBPweAbrC_i18_gvzcI27Y4WIgaGiq2qGLMKX1XoxzL3?purpose=fullsize

6

πŸ“Š Tabel Perbandingan

AspekFile SystemDatabase
RedundansiTinggiRendah
KeamananLemahKuat
AksesSulitMudah

🧠 Narasi Penjelasan

  • File system β†’ data terpisah
  • Database β†’ terintegrasi

6. Komponen Sistem Basis Data

https://images.openai.com/static-rsc-4/W9wuSeJ8QBxZRzxNSGamOdHcz_nEeQqtRC5DkukdaOglz5jXvGg7NnZicExozl6CPz75yVu4Bg5rBChi8_ZAh8WNm66X7jfo7DDdvoU8z8AP60nENngpv-A2vhZc4m4vvnw4xcVutbxS7wlY5nUCJtXyany6s_j0XREm6ZGpr_0-zDkhr6JhcdoxBzYRP4bF?purpose=fullsize
https://images.openai.com/static-rsc-4/JWRZtmNMBrNk2_QsLCoJnhM24axpxkrVQ20pbhLZP9WT9Anc2iJEhReCxieEKanrxJ8Msj6J3bmJjXcIzO-esP6k10DhsWe9CTlqeDch7yCGXLez5ZspZH9mxEiu_JwnVp7fdP6QQ3-UupbjPr4eyAIQ0b35vBDOcGjhQZFwYETp_2Bm3OKv0JCoO07EA4Z4?purpose=fullsize
https://images.openai.com/static-rsc-4/WyIIBuoDY_0KfMYaJoO63xHrrIspSPAfs8kM9YCNIn0RXYvK1ZyJzaLbZFp_-ZQ-dGUsXGxce-nBv4_lo53RXPSZVa9YuHoyLN_WKVQWnNqyrzHtOVeT7z2nuNnJqlWxXAKlJbfIMwgU02T7T3ampP3nJnNkOAxfpln5Gowa8flA-WLRrxoyUM528zMYQq6I?purpose=fullsize

7

πŸ“– Deskripsi

Komponen utama sistem database.

🧠 Narasi Penjelasan

Komponen:

  • Data
  • Hardware
  • Software (DBMS)
  • User
  • Prosedur

7. DBMS (Database Management System)

https://images.openai.com/static-rsc-4/7fAxBTTEiTG4Itm1y0QnV34RmGtllh6Kt7fV4ARGV8JyXjyGFoA_mjF1FaSVq_mUEoQ3SjXulUY0mtmXhPTyiVVaXh3kVp3x1lTDmz4amEXCZ7YueCrr2cMzSXGwQRGs5WjZBAEbAPC5pIqddVnWNnJ58i2CdIjMthnCQxhIniMVUcHV5D2Lx_UPadZpVhs5?purpose=fullsize
https://images.openai.com/static-rsc-4/S5J1XKg58uQ6C3FVS5ykTklkn2Rmo2A_zwBHe0u07TInfUSLEnc4tcwYL25to4pRNDCs5CNRCisfVxTjV_8RxoJN0hmdFtcVz_W9Ai9VjqB143qhLlMbZ8cMiABZgmdOf6HUu0oA7vJRvDuIOTEtDbsC40iWIe4Uovz4JupzU0Fm1IB-4r36eIi3hXyrLWhQ?purpose=fullsize
https://images.openai.com/static-rsc-4/il82Ebf-zg9PogMknD22l2l0lEQ_UgyjMabQy_h_NgG9CR2VuI0-OevS6JnmgCS_vGCdLhCKk8eH5WIGcLkaT-JXO0scyAuTsVQLs_8kNs4geNRbdEdO-AcHQpvABf2HNcbV6f0vHozsxc-AX2aG-SMJ8lXiA6BQ4oF9y7fekbYNY8qkFvTD41ZnzZLNAwuJ?purpose=fullsize

7

πŸ“– Deskripsi

Software untuk mengelola database.

🧠 Narasi Penjelasan

Contoh DBMS:

  • MySQL
  • PostgreSQL
  • Oracle

Fungsi:

  • Menyimpan data
  • Mengelola data
  • Mengamankan data

8. Struktur Database (Tabel, Record, Field)

https://images.openai.com/static-rsc-4/TRh0yH7cep7nUhdiDKn5GmlKG4wFbDzST7sA4SO4DDW407bodfmUSBG3sv4UkolqJ19rwvtl768-afETsPxdiBxmr7HTqw1g-Wz3i4ukFLzIcCQ4SLuw4w3SwEAaoXr0g6x1cfwGqWiG9k2ASwpLyMmax4AA1X5kKn_hkqPSAOToSDrT7wVDv91obNWF8JRZ?purpose=fullsize
https://images.openai.com/static-rsc-4/9ewSgfuLtbXA0JxuC3xQ7n8mxVfonPyGVkrAT-Fyi4FDrvel-NPhmygaTDr9OgsjM3LDYndaQ3NyYLa6NE1aMo_vFuYoumh199YlhzmznKlJrH9kQrk2eU3nuFzl8CNOyQ8QEfrmqlbDHzTEfji_ucVTBSFRiPtGD9emZMf7fIjniMqsIvkkpY8vY0E3rafS?purpose=fullsize
https://images.openai.com/static-rsc-4/63ku4rYiJBfPe8Z2Cx0UYNzusX0aEbLwR-75PSEPpyYFC66xN94R61y6YbTc-AnJdd0FvdNV5hvtgbdkA2Z3lTOopx1dxoORsu4Q-_UB3MJdrV7-HZ9BYwJdpy03WRMp7haSeistallwmXV8OVAbwJEykBG0h6JhWSL7m733Up12TWimnbGKQaeeiQtM8oHa?purpose=fullsize

7

πŸ“– Deskripsi

Struktur dasar database.

🧠 Narasi Penjelasan

  • Tabel β†’ tempat data
  • Record (baris) β†’ data per entitas
  • Field (kolom) β†’ atribut

9. Jenis-Jenis Database

https://images.openai.com/static-rsc-4/FYP5yBP4eCfoptXahb_TrQwCD2ht21zCFmncM-wBVVgNUA8DNRDxBuFhYYHO_1NYkDg-jZaY4YLSSJvbkhDh5bfRf5QpxZIDGBBscVhD0fEYRdvpNENkWYiFwdxi-LKlO32UVYK2tHxmBSyAULQwt2QjDsuSVTzj5SrLCy07GvD7Ix8hjCobQybAw3okXLUi?purpose=fullsize
https://images.openai.com/static-rsc-4/ilhosVnc67P-FV4XlFYFfL9hjvT-DKbXvnjU8eSlO-Spj33X3YC02OEm-Ci7zK7vIhMOJuKu0J5lFcxo-FaGqGy_sMcDdyyc6jZHkXzLV2uSNRWHPtiW7XGnc485V8vQPETmcttIHs_DZSv6DDOWDVjwMrlgoEJCNztw1qHBT8twPI4iFxHRzKgY-yKd92yB?purpose=fullsize
https://images.openai.com/static-rsc-4/YtS1pPn2uU6bNYzAWBy5cbNQAVSAOavtNaQefPvRVwwQO-tisjyUYjg7cbhs7vW2lZokWdjxdFT9oQYcGFetQCeXsDFeLUph50QiFXGuMkdNhQ8tKcDKC02EQ6MCa03GfNt6_Eb6Q5lo-93xkbuJnLmLo3VOUmv6r36VJu6mGNGq7OpmKSz4XPcyAhhDUfXh?purpose=fullsize

6

πŸ“– Deskripsi

Berbagai jenis database.

🧠 Narasi Penjelasan

Jenis:

  • Relasional (MySQL)
  • NoSQL (MongoDB)
  • Hierarki
  • Network

10. Contoh Implementasi Database

https://images.openai.com/static-rsc-4/lvJjkDIKo33DFZWQ9XBnr5MrRpRfaPam-0KyfnrQ3bX2pS85i4B4bDpWGdKfkBIlB7KuQw0MpTaFVjXY4QtcKi2Nr7Vlukq9ZXDOicUVIzn6FBYuo9IudJO2rbDSL03ui7l0lEmiEjGTs4NDyC6IW4p38D7TE3OTseyxMKgHcO2ylpx43vs5B6iRpB3zzfGH?purpose=fullsize
https://images.openai.com/static-rsc-4/SReAJqTW6yGlCZ2MLgp4-9S0VDtkbOObatbeLeQzsKbyKGMrC14BLMxMCUSoNiar2Ou3VplZhCsB3tu6lBcZy8TgXmUgC5KZ_fZHkybHH5cA4qLrnoTIEBAreiuf3-OEG0mNOdMRlrD-UnQKA2Z9utdPe6Px64N6b7WMAg-M2N9GvnmgN9Tu5W7rpWDN4SxL?purpose=fullsize
https://images.openai.com/static-rsc-4/IhZQDTSV8B6EQtCiZ156mqy2AHSLN5K7u7CSB-UaNvEPUz_gJqUhp1lxQNhaiTPqYgb-cbpmO0pZBDdXKq_mfBfG1G9rNqSD7NTgnTXtOUOdz2uAilAGA7OTLmJyE_vN1CPz4aYcF-uKYPiy78mFosQOTa4YfwN8cdpB84xTIHS2VA6SrAZIilKAO6Ipz-9p?purpose=fullsize

7

πŸ“– Deskripsi

Penerapan database di dunia nyata.

🧠 Narasi Penjelasan

  • Sistem akademik
  • Sistem perbankan
  • Sistem e-commerce

11. Bahasa dalam Database (SQL)

https://images.openai.com/static-rsc-4/-TiDN6RTb9ZOsvrpKG_3KC_Kfw7GpLfbkm3yGnjFGQGXo4rKXW8UxK4KhuNitJCkD1Oz1L8R_1ItaNYW8lSM0zUZgqzeyef52lgUeeaeZpxMEx9jjJ50Wr-k7XaOpnQVgEzesoHtADOTC_prf8QFhgOGH3lFPzkSJOD9cplgcWt-PiVJZlCCd-gd8F9LPCBT?purpose=fullsize
https://images.openai.com/static-rsc-4/yMa81bdKfewgnwnK0KCjsNmGZXvHNrN2EztNZJa_ZFppN6G5ZbRsJyddvOi1phnaRse15WKFblcelUyYNZ-4JO3FmSr6AYpFaqYPAxmExCIGL4W5KPDwz7s2Ektu4ELQR614dMSWCTffE3MAX0Q8YKDoqytM-qUYOQnhjyWbRQcZSutPl_Su1-O5vj_aR2P1?purpose=fullsize
https://images.openai.com/static-rsc-4/7NpUIFKKXWejqa2ySS6wqtXQJtJjuDbtlCc-9RvmXhxBea5vgz6bOywRRZQQQ6jUJJSc1Z81zyOdDJ_-tBWrkCB-6XBmZJSUc994B9F4h8nm_j_B9oB0HW7s48FcPig9xGA8IYM-lI4QuNBd_Yr-cM-kjqV5x3QSt-StTwiArRLisOGGoTfD6r3HP_4udW_d?purpose=fullsize

7

πŸ“– Deskripsi

SQL digunakan untuk mengakses database.

🧠 Narasi Penjelasan

Jenis:

  • DDL (CREATE, ALTER)
  • DML (INSERT, UPDATE)
  • DQL (SELECT)

12. Peran Basis Data dalam Sistem Informasi

https://images.openai.com/static-rsc-4/wzHmRkVqDznk3iC7MPYupoMibLol8E1FgokE6JCS3FSNNBTR8pGQkzaBcCsdvG5b10OnWnaCqCBRXdPiHhu3IUcQ1nzgJ3gta-VcxQSgF-Z3kxJ3DjTTFA3e-gzLHepX3NJz8k-gYO0MbwKCrugORW4MeZCUTwOW2nB2QfZ-IanHdhVP1m0ieuQJ58CXMtIe?purpose=fullsize
https://images.openai.com/static-rsc-4/7fAxBTTEiTG4Itm1y0QnV34RmGtllh6Kt7fV4ARGV8JyXjyGFoA_mjF1FaSVq_mUEoQ3SjXulUY0mtmXhPTyiVVaXh3kVp3x1lTDmz4amEXCZ7YueCrr2cMzSXGwQRGs5WjZBAEbAPC5pIqddVnWNnJ58i2CdIjMthnCQxhIniMVUcHV5D2Lx_UPadZpVhs5?purpose=fullsize
https://images.openai.com/static-rsc-4/2YcDYjsHC-QeyDCMZGlv1xMF31xv9r19z-Y8I8Yjl87Vs0YGzNR70v_Sg9RMHopNhUveCK_l0xdmp9ujyJXN0rDeGiKs42Muw9D1Kv_A3Vnnje28WLNY3lQVPci1c1_t3RIAgOIshga4ylSJm0320qoOgzrxKuyh4HLTLojety_GMxlQw8E0hrVUi1ULVppJ?purpose=fullsize

7

πŸ“– Deskripsi

Database sebagai pusat data.

🧠 Narasi Penjelasan

  • Menyimpan data
  • Mendukung keputusan
  • Integrasi sistem

13. Kelebihan dan Kekurangan Database

πŸ“Š Tabel:

KelebihanKekurangan
TerstrukturBiaya tinggi
AmanButuh skill
TerintegrasiKompleks

14. Tantangan dalam Basis Data

πŸ“– Deskripsi

Masalah yang sering terjadi.

🧠 Narasi Penjelasan

  • Keamanan data
  • Backup
  • Skalabilitas

15. Ringkasan Materi

πŸ“– Deskripsi

Inti pembelajaran.

🧠 Narasi Penjelasan

  • Database = kumpulan data terstruktur
  • DBMS = pengelola database
  • Digunakan di semua sistem modern

16. Kesimpulan

  • Basis data adalah fondasi sistem informasi
  • Digunakan di hampir semua bidang
  • Penting untuk mahasiswa informatika

🎯 LATIHAN / DISKUSI

  1. Apa perbedaan data dan informasi?
  2. Apa fungsi DBMS?
  3. Sebutkan contoh database!

πŸ“ TUGAS

  • Cari contoh penggunaan database di:
    • Sekolah
    • Rumah sakit
  • Jelaskan alur datanya